(编辑:jimmy 日期: 2024/12/27 浏览:2)
Python 爬虫包含两个重要的部分:正则表达式和Scrapy框架的运用, 正则表达式对于所有语言都是通用的,网络上可以找到各种资源。
如下是手绘Scrapy框架原理图,帮助理解
如下是一段运用Scrapy创建的spider:使用了内置的crawl模板,以利用Scrapy库的CrawlSpider。相对于简单的爬取爬虫来说,Scrapy的CrawlSpider拥有一些网络爬取时可用的特殊属性和方法:
$ scrapy genspider country_or_district example.python-scrapying.com--template=crawl
运行genspider命令后,下面的代码将会在example/spiders/country_or_district.py中自动生成。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import scrapy from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule from example.items import CountryOrDistrictItem class CountryOrDistrictSpider(CrawlSpider): name = 'country_or_district' allowed_domains = ['example.python-scraping.com'] start_urls = ['http://example.python-scraping.com/'] rules = ( Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'/index/', deny=r'/user/'), follow=True), Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'/view/', deny=r'/user/'), callback='parse_item'), ) def parse_item(self, response): item = CountryOrDistrictItem() name_css = 'tr#places_country_or_district__row td.w2p_fw::text' item['name'] = response.css(name_css).extract() pop_xpath = '//tr[@id="places_population__row"]/td[@class="w2p_fw"]/text()' item['population'] = response.xpath(pop_xpath).extract() return item
爬虫类包括的属性:
以上就是python Scrapy框架原理解析的详细内容,更多关于Scrapy框架原理的资料请关注其它相关文章!