对Django url的几种使用方式详解

(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2024/9/27 浏览：2)

利用Django开发网站，可以设计出非常优美的url规则，如果url的匹配规则（包含正则表达式）组织得比较好，view的结构就会比较清晰，比较容易维护。

最简单的形式

<code> 
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url 
urlpatterns = patterns('', 
 url(r'^articles/2003/$', 'news.views.special_case_2003'), 
 url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/$', 'news.views.year_archive'), 
 url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/$', 'news.views.month_archive'), 
 url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/(\d+)/$', 'news.views.article_detail'), 
)</code>

其中，正则表达式中组匹配出来的结果可以作为positional parameters传递给view.

如果url是www.yourdomain/articles/2005/，则会匹配第二条规则，执行news.views.year_archive('2005').

注意点

域名部分会被过滤掉

articles的前面不需要添加/，因为前序url的末尾一定会有/

任何组匹配的变量，都会议字符串的形式传递给view, 虽然通过(\d{4})匹配出了2005，但2005任然会被当做字符串传递给year_archive

利用named group来传递参数

可以通过以下形式为特定的组指定一个名称.

urlpatterns = patterns('', 
 url(r'^articles/2003/$', 'news.views.special_case_2003'), 
 url(r'^articles/("htmlcode">

# URLconf 
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url 
 
urlpatterns = patterns('', 
 url(r'^blog/$', 'blog.views.page'), 
 url(r'^blog/page("1"): 
 # Output the appropriate page of blog entries, according to num. 


指定view前缀(提取公因式)
patterns函数的第一个参数即是view的前缀


from django.conf.urls import patterns, url 
 
urlpatterns = patterns('news.views', 
 url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/$', 'year_archive'), 
 url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/$', 'month_archive'), 
 url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/(\d+)/$', 'article_detail'), 
) 


指定多个view前缀


urlpatterns = patterns('myapp.views', 
 url(r'^$', 'app_index'), 
 url(r'^("htmlcode">

from django.conf.urls import include, patterns, url 
 
urlpatterns = patterns('', 
 # ... snip ... 
 url(r'^comments/', include('django.contrib.comments.urls')), 
 url(r'^community/', include('django_website.aggregator.urls')), 
 url(r'^contact/', include('django_website.contact.urls')), 
 # ... snip ... 
) 


当然也可以直接include其它patterns


from django.conf.urls import include, patterns, url 
 
extra_patterns = patterns('', 
 url(r'^reports/("htmlcode">

from django.conf.urls import patterns, url 
 
urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views', 
 url(r'^blog/("htmlcode">

from django.conf.urls import patterns, url 
from mysite.views import archive, about, contact 
 
urlpatterns = patterns('', 
 url(r'^archive/$', archive), 
 url(r'^about/$', about), 
 url(r'^contact/$', contact), 
) 



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对Django url的几种使用方式详解

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