(编辑:jimmy 日期: 2024/12/23 浏览:2)
前言
大家在Mongodb安装好后,一般不需要用户名密码就可以直接使用,开发者认为只要使用环境足够安全,可以不使用认证,但是在实际使用中为了数据的安全,大多人还是选择了开启权限认证。
一、在老版的Mongodb(大概3.0以前)可以这样开启认证:
1、Linux环境下mongo shell方式认证:
>show dbs ##看到有如下数据 admin (empty) comment 0.203125GB dbtest (empty) foo 0.203125GB local (empty) test 0.203125GB >use admin switched to db admin > db.addUser('admin','12345678') ##添加用户 Mon Nov 5 23:40:00 [FileAllocator] allocating new datafile /data/db/admin.ns, filling with zeroes... { "user" : "admin", "readOnly" : false, "pwd" : "89e41c6c28d88d42c21fe501d82969ea", "_id" : ObjectId("5097ddd00342c63efff3fbfb") } ##之后运行 >showdbs Mon Nov 5 23:45:13 uncaught exception: listDatabases failed:{ "errmsg" : "need to login", "ok" : 0 } ##提示需要登录 添加--auth 启动 ./mongod -auth ./mongo >use admin switched to db admin > db.auth('admin','12345678') ##用添加的账户密码查看 Mon Nov 5 23:49:32 [conn56] authenticate db: admin { authenticate: 1, nonce: "304f5242601fafa4", user: "admin", key: "58260df384b1146466efca5c90a5ff05" } 1 #1 说明登录成功 > show dbs admin 0.203125GB comment 0.203125GB dbtest (empty) foo 0.203125GB local (empty) test 0.203125GB > use admin switched to db admin > show collections; system.indexes system.users > db.system.users.find() ##查找数据 { "_id" : ObjectId("5097ddd00342c63efff3fbfb"), "user" : "admin", "readOnly" : false, "pwd" : "89e41c6c28d88d42c21fe501d82969ea" }
2、php代码连接认证:
<"mongodb://admin:12345678@192.168.138.35:27017"); /*选择melon数据库*/ $db = $m->melon; /*集合*/ $collection = melonco; /*选择数据库里面的集合,相当于表*/ $collection = $db->$collection; $array = array('name'=>'melon','age'=>'24','sex'=>'Male','birth'=>array('year'=>'1988','month'=>'07','day'=>'13')); $collection->insert($array); $cursor = $collection->find(); foreach ($cursor as $id => $value) { echo "$id: "; var_dump($value); echo "<br>"; } ###2 使用数据库用户 /*mongodb连接*/ $m = new Mongo("192.168.138.35:27017"); /*选择comment*/ $db = $m->melon; /*连接数据库*/ $db->authenticate("melon", "melon"); /*选择t数据库里面集合,相当于表*/ $collection = $db->melonco; $array = array('name'=>'melon_son','age'=>'0','sex'=>'Male','birth'=>array('year'=>'201X','month'=>'07','day'=>'13')); $collection->insert($array); $cursor = $collection->find(); foreach ($cursor as $id => $value) { echo "$id: "; var_dump($value); echo "<br>"; }
二、在3.0版之后的Mongodb,shell中依旧可以使用上述方法验证,但是php认证一直失败,日志中会报错( Failed to authenticate myuser@userdb with mechanism MONGODB-CR: AuthenticationFailed MONGODB-CR credentials missing in the user document
),原来新版的mongodb加入了SCRAM-SHA-1校验方式,需要第三方工具配合进行验证。
下面给出具体解决办法:
首先关闭认证,修改system.version文档里面的authSchema版本为3,初始安装时候应该是5,命令行如下:
> use admin switched to db admin > var schema = db.system.version.findOne({"_id" : "authSchema"}) > schema.currentVersion = 3 3 > db.system.version.save(schema) WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
不过如果你现在开启认证,仍然会提示AuthenticationFailed MONGODB-CR credentials missing in the user document
原因是原来创建的用户已经使用了SCRAM-SHA-1认证方式
> use admin > db.auth('root','123456') > db.system.users.find() { "_id" : "admin.root", "user" : "root", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "XoI5LXvuqvxhlmuY6qkJIw==", "storedKey" : "VAT7ZVMw2kFDepQQ6/E0ZGA5UgM=", "serverKey" : "TebHOXdmY6IHzEE1rW1Onwowuy8=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ] } { "_id" : "mydb.test", "user" : "test", "db" : "mydb", "credentials" : { "MONGODB-CR" : "c8ef9e7ab00406e84cfa807ec082f59e" }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "mydb" } ] }
解决方式就是删除刚刚创建的用户,重新重建即可:
> db.system.users.remove({user:"test"}); > use mydb >db.createUser({user:'test',pwd:'123456',roles:[{role:'readWrite',db:'mydb'}]})
然后开启认证,重启服务器,用php连接,一切OK
<"mongodb://test:12345678@localhost:27017/mydb"); /*选择melon数据库*/ $db = $m->mydb; /*选择数据库里面的集合stu,相当于表*/ $collection = $db->stu; $array = array('name'=>'melon','age'=>'24','sex'=>'Male','birth'=>array('year'=>'1988','month'=>'07','day'=>'13')); $collection->insert($array); $cursor = $collection->find(); foreach ($cursor as $id => $value) { echo "$id: "; var_dump($value); echo "<br>"; }
总结
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作能带来一定的帮助,如果有疑问大家可以留言交流,谢谢大家对的支持。